Glossary
Tech Terms | Abbreviations A–Z
C
CCITT, Clean URL, Client, Client-Side-Scanning, Compiler, Computer, CMS
CCITT
(french abbr.): Comit´e Consultatif International T´el´egraphique et T´el´ephonique. Founded international organisation in 1932 to elect worldwide standards for data- and telecommunication. Gives references and defines standards for telecommunication. The CCITT is made up of national authorities, companies and national as well as international scientific organisations.
The older users of computers know some of the standards defined from the CCITT as an example the V.- and X.-standard.
The CCITT was merged 1993 as ITU.
Clean URL
also sometimes referred to as Pretty URLs, RESTful URLs, user-friendly URLs, or search engine-friendly URLs, are Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) intended to improve the usability and accessibility of a website or web service by being immediately and intuitively meaningful to non-expert users. Such URL schemes tend to reflect the conceptual structure of a collection of information and decouple the user interface from a server's internal representation of information. Other reasons for using clean URLs include search engine optimization (SEO), conforming to the representational state transfer (REST) style of software architecture, and ensuring that individual web resources remain consistently at the same URL. This makes the World Wide Web a more stable and useful system, and allows more durable and reliable bookmarking of web resources.
Clean URLs also do not contain implementation details of the underlying web application. This carries the benefit of reducing the difficulty of changing the implementation of the resource at a later date. For example, many URLs include the filename of a server-side script, such as example.php, example.asp or cgi-bin. If the underlying implementation of a resource is changed, such URLs would need to change along with it. Likewise, when URLs are not "clean", if the site database is moved or restructured it has the potential to cause broken links, both internally and from external sites, the latter of which can lead to removal from search engine listings. The use of clean URLs presents a consistent location for resources to user-agents regardless of internal structure. A further potential benefit to the use of clean URLs is that the concealment of internal server or application information can improve the security of a system.
Eh? What? Didn't you get it? Here again in simple language:
My personal short explanation for Pretty URL: easy-to-remember web address as a “talking name” like these:
- https://tests.tips/en/glossary/c
- https://tests.tips/en/links/search-online
- https://tests.tips/en/about/website/technology
Client
Computer, connected via a network to a Server.
Client-Side Scanning (CSS)
05.08.2021: Apple announces new functions for child protection.
For this purpose, a scanning technique for the local search for hash values of files was developed, which is to be distributed to all devices with one of the next iOS versions.
After worldwide massive criticism by respected experts, Apple has temporarily suspended the project and wants to consult again.
Wanting to abolish tap-proof private communication with perfidious excuses such as the welfare of children (terrorism pretext no longer applies?) is a danger to our democracy!
Famous IT security researchers from all over the world warn (German-language article)
Computer
consists of CPU, Monitor, Keyboard. Modern Computers with a graphical User Interface (GUI) you can control with a Mouse.
Compiler
In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a lower level language (e.g., assembly language, object code, or machine code) to create an executable program.
However, there are many different types of compilers. If the compiled program can run on a computer whose CPU or operating system is different from the one on which the compiler runs, the compiler is a cross-compiler. A bootstrap compiler is written in the language that it intends to compile. A program that translates from a low-level language to a higher level one is a decompiler. A program that translates between high-level languages is usually called a source-to-source compiler or transcompiler. A language rewriter is usually a program that translates the form of expressions without a change of language. The term compiler-compiler refers to tools used to create parsers that perform syntax analysis.
A compiler is likely to perform many or all of the following operations: preprocessing, lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis (syntax-directed translation), conversion of input programs to an intermediate representation, code optimization and code generation. Compilers implement these operations in phases that promote efficient design and correct transformations of source input to target output. Program faults caused by incorrect compiler behavior can be very difficult to track down and work around; therefore, compiler implementers invest significant effort to ensure compiler correctness.
Compilers are not the only language processor used to transform source programs. An interpreter is computer software that transforms and then executes the indicated operations. The translation process influences the design of computer languages, which leads to a preference of compilation or interpretation. In practice, an interpreter can be implemented for compiled languages and compilers can be implemented for interpreted languages.
Content Management System
(abbr.: CMS): a software application that can be used to manage the creation and modification of digital content. CMSs are typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment by integrating document management, digital asset management and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
CMS attaches particular importance to media-neutral data storage. For example, content can be retrieved as a PDF or HTML document if desired; in fully dynamic systems, the formats are only generated from the database when the query is made.
Even some sophisticated hobby websites such as tests.tips make use of the advantages of a CMS.